Key issues to be considered in order to reduce the energy demand and contribute to a low or CO2 strategy are;-
Internal temperature tolerances
Limiting the use of close control to only essential areas
Useful information:
BRE Report 380: Environmental Site Layout Planning
Passive design measures
Further information:
CIBSE Guide F: Energy efficiency in buildings
CIBSE AM10: Natural Ventilation in non-domestic buildings
Daylighting
Useful information:
BRE Report 380: Environmental Site Layout Planning
Building orientation
If and wherever appropriate buildings should be oriented facing south to allow best exploitation of sunlight while allowing effective control of solar gains in summer.
Particular care is required to control solar gain for east/west facing elevations, due to the low summer angles.
Appropriate shading is required to limit overheating in the summer.
Roofs should also, wherever practicable, be orientated to be within 45� of south to allow for future incorporation of solar thermal or photovoltaic panels.
Shelter and shade
Layouts and landscaping design should be utilised to provide shelter from prevailing winds and natural shading for facades and,wherever possible, to help avoid the potential overheating mentioned in building orientation.
Natural and mechanical ventilation
The ventilation strategy can affect the form and layout of buildings.
Useful information:
CIBSE AM10: Natural ventilation in non-domestic buildings.
CIBSE AM13: Mixed mode ventilation.
BRE Digest 399: Natural ventilation in non-domestic buildings.